During the Hellenistic period it was under the influence of the Ptolemaic Empire for a long time and its port was used as a dockyard for the fleets from Egypt and Rhodes.
In the following years, Samos, like the rest of the Greek world, is ruled by the Romans and becomes, after the final disintegration of the city-state and the Hellenistic states, a small island in the vast empire and a perfect resort for Roman officials.
Samos is chosen as a holiday resort by Antony and Cleopatra, too. Private dwellings and splendid mansions decorate the city, proving that the island never lacked craftsmen or love for beauty.
The Roman conquer brought, apart from the "Roman peace", new people, new ways of living, new gods and worship.
Hot springs, temples of Cybele, altars, offerings and lots of other monuments that are preserved, indicate the Roman presence at the island.